Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub thiab microcircuits ua raws li silicon. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb suav lub zog ntawm cov processors tab tom loj hlob, nws tsuas yog txwv los ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom no, tsis ntev los sis tom qab cov kws tshawb fawb yuav los ze rau qhov uas yuav muaj kev loj hlob ntxiv. Cov ntaub ntawv cog lus ntau dua rau kev tsim cov microcircuits thiab cov tsim khoom siv yog cov DNA molecules, 1 cm3 tuaj yeem khaws ntau cov lwg me me raws li xav tau khaws 10 TB ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws tab tom nrhiav ib txoj hauv kev los siv qhov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov DNA molecule hauv kev nyiam ntawm tus txiv neej. Hauv xyoo 2010, thawj qhov ua tiav tau tiav los ntawm pawg neeg tshawb fawb ntawm biologist Craig Venter, uas tau tswj los cim cov cim dej hauv cov noob ntawm cov kab mob hluavtaws, qhov loj me yog 7920 yam.
Hauv xyoo 2012, cov ntaub ntawv no tau tawg los ntawm Harvard cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm George Lub Koom Txoos - lawv tau sau tag nrho phau ntawv ntawm 53,400 cov lus ntawm DNA lwg me me, nrog 11 cov duab thiab ib qhov JavaScript program (tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv 5.27 lab bits). Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov neeg tsim khoom siv cov tshuaj sib tov nrog cov lwg me me. Lub tsev muaj sia nyob yuav tsis haum rau qhov no, vim lawv tuaj yeem tshem qee qhov tawg ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau muab faib ua cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg ntawm 96 me me, cov chaw nyob ntawm qhov bitstream tau muaj 19 cim ntev. Muaj 54,898 qhov thaiv zoo li hauv phau ntawv, thiab txhua tus tau sau tseg rau ntawm cais DNA. Tag nrho cov khoom tau muab khaws cia ntawm lub cev sib cais.
Cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tau tsim lawv tus kheej digital coding system (qee cov amino acids tau suav ua lub zeros, thiab lwm tus yog suav), vim cov systems tam sim no tsis haum rau hauv ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov. Hauv cov khoos phis tawm niaj hnub no, cov laj thawj binary yog saws, muaj ob lub xeev, thiab hauv DNA molecule muaj plaub lub hauv paus nyob hauv ib cov saw: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) thiab thymine (T).
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm DNA molecule tuaj yeem khaws cia ntev heev - txog ntau txhiab xyoo. Txawm hais tias pom qhov zoo ntawm DNA cov lwg me me, cov kev lom neeg "nco phaib" muaj ntau yam tsis zoo. Lub ntsiab nyuaj yog qhov ua kom txiav suab ntawm qhov cov ntaub ntawv thiab "nyeem" cov ntawv sau. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Harvard pawg tau muab los ua qhov zoo: tsuas yog ob qho kev ua yuam kev ntawm 5.27 megabit ntawv.
