Yog tias koj ntsib qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv lub suab nrov thiab tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau cov cuab yeej npaj tau, tab sis tib lub sij hawm koj paub me ntsis ntawm cov xov tooj cua hauv xov tooj cua, Kuv qhia koj kom sim sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov tsawg tsawg lub suab ua kom nrov dua (ULF) nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes. Amplifiers muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob leeg hauv txoj hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab hauv hom kev tsim kho.
Txoj raj ULF
Tsawg-lub raj xa hluav taws xob amplifiers muaj nyob hauv cov khoom siv TV qub thiab xov tooj cua. Txawm tias tom qab cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj kev cia siab zoo nkauj, cov neeg nyiam nkauj tsuas xav tau raj zoo nkauj. Muaj ib lub tswv yim hais tias lub suab tawm los ntawm raj ULFs zoo nkauj dua thiab nqus dua, muaj qhov zoo li lub suab suab. "Digitized" suab "ULF niaj hnub" ua rau nrov dua "qhuav". Tau kawg, lub suab ntawm lub raj lub cav tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav yog tias koj siv transistors thaum sib sau ua ke. Ib qho Circuit Court uas tau ua tiav siv tsuas yog ib qho:
Hauv daim duab saum toj no, lub teeb liab yog txau rau lub raj hluav taws xob. Qhov tsis ncaj ncees voltage yog thov rau cathode, qhov hluav taws xob no tau raug kho los ntawm kev xaiv qhov tsis kam rau hauv Circuit Court. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas yog ntau dua 150 volts, tau pub los ntawm lub zog txuas rau qhov pib sib hloov ntawm qhov hloov ntawm qhov hloov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, kev sib txuas lub caij nyoog thib ob yog txuas nrog rau cov lus. Circuit Court no yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws, feem ntau hauv kev xyaum, cov cuab yeej siv nrog ob-theem thiab peb-theem tsim raug siv, muaj cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab qhov tso zis tawm suab raws cov hlab muaj zog.
Qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov tso suab sau ua ke ntawm cov tub ntxhais
Txawm hais tias qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim, raj amplifiers tseem muaj ib tus lej ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, raws li tau hais los saum no, muaj lub anode voltage ntawm ntau dua 150 volts yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tsis tas li, txhawm rau txhawm rau lub teeb hluav taws xob ULF, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj qhov hloov pauv ntawm 6, 3 volts, qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom lub zog ntawm cov filaments ntawm cov xov tooj cua. Yog tias lub teeb nrog lub ntsiab ntawm 12.6 volts siv, ces yuav tsum siv lwm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 12.6 volts. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom lub zog loj dua hauv xov tooj cua, yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov pa hluav taws xob, uas yuav tsum tau siv cov hloov loj.
Qhov zoo uas paub qhov txawv ntawm lub raj tsim ntawm lub suab txuas ntxiv los ntawm lwm tus yog: ua kom ruaj khov, txhim kho yooj yim, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Yog tias koj sim ua kom nyuaj thiab rhuav lub teeb, ces lub cuab yeej yuav swb. Dab tsi tsis tuaj yeem hais txog ULF sib sau ua ke ntawm transistors, muaj txaus ntawm overheated soldering hlau taub lossis hluav taws xob zoo li qub, thiab qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm qee cov khoom siv nce siab. Ib qho teeb meem zoo li no tshwm sim nrog cov qauv tsim ntawm microcircuits.
Kev sib dhos ua ke ntawm transistors
Hauv qab no yog daim duab schematic daim duab ntawm ULF audio sib sau ua ke ntawm transistors. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, xws li lub tswv yim zoo li tsis yooj yim, vim yog siv cov xov tooj cua ntau uas tau tso cai rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm. Tab sis ib qho tsuas yog faib cov Circuit Court mus rau hauv nws cov ntu, ces txhua yam dhau los ua meej heev. Qhov Circuit Court no muaj txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li cov raj tsim hluav taws xob sab saum toj ntawm lub triode. Ntawm no lub cev hluav taws xob transistor ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov ntawd kawg. Lub zog ntawm lub cuab yeej yuav ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov xaiv yam.
Muab tso ua ke ntawm qhov yooj yim Circuit Court hauv ib qho transistor
Tom ntej no, peb yuav xav txog qhov yooj yim ntawm ULF tus qauv, uas ua nrog ib semiconductor. Thov nco ntsoov tias Circuit Court no yog ib qho channel amplifier. Cia muab ib daim duab schematic ntawm qhov ua kom nrov dua.
Ua piv txwv, cia peb sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv suab uas yooj yim tshaj plaws uas yog los ntawm ib qho transistor.
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum npaj cov khoom tsim nyog thiab khoom siv. Rau kev sib dhos koj yuav tsum muaj:
- · Silicon transistor ntawm n-p-n hom, piv txwv li, KT805, lossis nws cov lus piv txwv.
- Ib qho ntsuas hluav taws xob nrog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm 100 μF, nws qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum yog 16 lossis ntau dua volts.
- · Kuj tsis paub meej resistor, nrog tus tiv txog ntawm 5 kOhm.
- Pawg thawj coj saib pawg, yog muaj. Yog tias tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem sib dhos ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab saum npoo av.
- Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tsis muaj nws lub transistor yuav kub sai thiab poob.
- Ires Cov kav hlau rau cov sib txuas sib txuas.
- · Mini-jack rau txuas lub suab sib. Nws tuaj yeem yog lub khoos phis tawm lossis lwm yam khoom siv nrog lub tso tawm suab, piv txwv li, nws yog qhov ua tau siv lub xov tooj smartphone.
- DC fais fab mov 5-12 volts, nws tuaj yeem yog lub zog xa hluav taws xob lossis roj teeb ntawm "crown" hom.
- Soldering hlau rau soldering hais, nrog rau cam thiab rosin lossis lwm yam flux.
Peb yuav muab peb lub suab txuas los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tau pom lub neej.
Yog li, thaum txhua tus xaiv tau xaiv, peb pib lub rooj sib txoos. Ua ntej, peb tso cov khoom pov thawj ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit.
Tom ntej, qhov tsis zoo lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm tus capacitor thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov hloov pauv tsis paub meej yuav tsum tau muag rau lub hauv paus ntawm transistor.
Raws li daim duab, peb txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov txuas ntawm lub hwj huam hluav taws xob thiab ntxiv rau ntawm tus ntuav lus txuas rau kev tiv tauj thib ob ntawm cov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb nqa tus chwv nrog lub xaim rau hauv Circuit Court board. Kev sib txuas hauv nruab nrab ntawm transistor (tus sau) yog qhov tsis zoo lub davhlau ya nyob ntawm tus neeg hais lus, peb tseem yuav coj nws mus rau hauv lub rooj tsavxwm.
Tom qab ntawd, mus rau qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm cov transistor (emitter), koj yuav tsum txuas cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, nrog rau kev sib cuag rau cov teeb meem tawm tswv yim tsis zoo. Qhov zoo ntawm cov taw qhia tawm tswv yim yog ceg zoo ntawm tus capacitor.
Kev sib dhos yuav luag npaj; pib sim, nws tseem muaj peb khub ntawm cov xov hlau. Ntawm sab laug rau sab xis hauv daim duab: nkag, tawm, khoom noj. Thiab tseem nco ntsoov nruab ib lub taub hluav taws xob rau ntawm qhov transistor.
Tom qab ntawd peb pib teeb tsa peb lub suab nrov. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb txuas txhua ntu, soj ntsuam nruj saib polarity. Tsis tas li, ua ntej sib txuas, koj yuav tsum paub tseeb tias tsis muaj lub luv luv Circuit Court, tshwj xeeb nrog kev sib dhos hinged.
Qhov kev hloov kho tau tsim los ntawm kev kho lub cev tsis paub meej resistor, yog li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsis kam ntawm tus hais lus thiab transistor yog kev sib koom tes.
Yog txhua yam, kev sib dhos thiab teeb tsa ntawm qhov yooj yim bass amplifier tiav. Raws li, xws li ULF yog mono amplifier, i.e. ib leeg-channel. Yuav kom ua tiav lub suab tso suab, koj yuav tsum sib sau ua ke ob yam khoom siv sib xws. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov cuab yeej zoo li no, sib sau ua ke raws li tus qauv yooj yim, tsis siv nyob rau txhua qhov chaw vim lawv qhov tsis zoo. Rau cov kev xav tau, ntau cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj.
ULF ntawm microcircuits
Lub tshuab ntsuas lub zog ua ke ntawm microcircuits yuav muaj ntau yam zoo dua. Tam sim no muaj ntau tus ICs tsim tshwj xeeb rau ntawm cov neeg siv ntau lub suab. Xws li cov cuab yeej siv tau tuaj yeem siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Muaj ntau daim duab schematic, thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm lawv yooj yim rau kev sib sau ua ke rau yuav luag txhua tus neeg uas muaj lub siab xav tau thiab kev paub yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau soldering. Feem ntau, microcircuit layout muaj xws li ob lossis peb lub capacitors thiab ob peb resistors.
Hauv qab no yog daim duab schematic daim duab ntawm xws li lub tshuab ntsuas suab.
Lwm cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ULF yog nyob rau hauv nti nws tus kheej. Thaum sib sau ua ke lub zog hauv microcircuits, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog them sai sai rau lub hwj chim mov. Qee qhov kev voj voog xav tau bipolar supply transformer. Feem ntau muaj teeb meem tshwm sim hauv lawv. Piv txwv li, xws li cov amplifiers tau siv tsis siv rau cov neeg hais lus hauv lub tsheb. Tab sis lawv tau txig ua pov thawj rau lawv tus kheej raws li nyob ruaj ntseg amplifiers rau kev siv hauv tsev. Ntau lub peev xwm tseem muaj nyob ntawm no. Nrog kev pab ntawm microcircuits, nws muaj peev xwm sib sau ua ke ob qho tib si lub zog hluav taws xob loj thiab ua tiav lub colossal 1000W suab.
