GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim rau kev tsim kho thiab ua tiav ntawm 2D lossis 3D duab thiab lawv cov zaub txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov screen. GPUs tau siv dav hauv kev siv tshuab hlwb hlau, xov tooj ntawm tes, servers, thiab ntaus ua si.
Cov Kev Siv GPU
Niaj hnub nimno cov duab chips yog teeb tsa hauv computer graphics phaib lossis tso rau hauv cov motherboard thiaj li yuav txuag tau qhov chaw ntawm lub computer. GPUs pab kom cov txheej txheem siv tau ntawm lub koos pij tawj, ua rau lawv siv ntau yam nti rau tso saib cov xov xwm duab ntawm lub vijtsam.
Thawj thawj zaug, lub sijhawm GPU tau siv rau xyoo 1999 los ntawm Nvidia ntawm kev nthuav qhia ntawm GeForce 256 daim npav video, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog cov thawj tswj hwm kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws. Tus txheej txheem ua qauv tuaj yeem ua tiav li 10 lab tus duab kab rau ib ob.
Muaj nuj nqi
Lub GPU yog tsim ntawm transistors tshwj xeeb, feem ntau siv rau 3D ua duab. Thaum pib, cov txheej txheem tsim duab tau tsim nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim kho sai sai ntawm kev ntxhib los mos thiab kev ceev ntawm kev ua cov duab polygons los ntawm khoos phis tawj, tab sis tom qab ntawd cov duab kab ke tau kawm los ua cov kev suav ntsuas, uas tseem tau ua kom nrawm nrawm thiab zoo ntawm kev ua kom pom cov duab.
Kev tsim kho tshiab tsis ntev los no hauv GPU suav nrog kev ua kom muaj kev txhawb nqa rau cov shaders programmable, lub thev naus laus zis los txo cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib tshooj duab cov duab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ib leeg. Tsis tas li, GPU tshiab tuaj yeem ua kom ncaj qha cov me nyuam cov xim ntawm tus saib.
Cov ntawv teev lus niaj hnub txhawb nqa cov vis dis aus los ntawm ntau qhov chaw txuas nrog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb.
GPU hom
Cov duab kab ntawv muaj peev xwm muab faib ua peb hom: cais, kos, thiab tso ua ke. Cov ntawv teev lus qhia tawm tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sib cais rau cov motherboard ntawm lub khoos phis tawj lossis lub cuab yeej nqa khoom (laptop) los ntawm kev siv tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li PCI-Express lossis AGP). GPU hom no muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo tshaj plaws vim cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv yees duab thiab nws lub zog ntsuas. Tsis tas li, yog tias tsim nyog, daim npav video txiav tawm tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim nrog pawg thawj coj ntawm lwm tus qauv.
Cov thev naus laus zis xws li SLI lossis CrossFire tso cai rau ntau daim video card los ua ke los txhim kho cov duab kos kom zoo ntxiv.
Embedded GPUs yog siv hauv cov khoom siv thauj khoom thiab muaj cov qauv coj ua tau zoo vim yog pawg me me thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm lawv cov tshuab txias thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo. Hybrid graphics phaib yog cov chav kawm tshiab ntawm cov yoog hloov uas tau npaj siab los hloov chaw on-board thiab discrete modules. Lub thev naus laus zis tshiab tau tsim nrog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nce nrawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv nrog system RAM thiab cov khoom siv los txhim kho cov duab ua tau zoo. Daim npav hybrid tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv cov motherboard, tab sis tib lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub thev naus laus zis ntawm lub thev naus laus zis ntawm daim npav PCI-Express graphics phaib.
