Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm SSDs thiab HDDs sib txawv. Lawv yog cov sib txawv ntawm ib leeg txawv hauv txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj ob qho lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo hauv kev siv.
Keeb Kwm
Txij li thaum ntxov hnub ntawm thawj lub khoos phis tawm, muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb heev - yuav khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog li cas. Qhov muab xam tau thiab cov ntaub ntawv nkag tau khaws cia rau hauv ntau yam xov xwm. Thawj cov koos pij tawj siv cov ntawv xuas nrig ntaus: cov thawv ntawv hauv lub thawv uas muaj cov qhov sawv cev ntawm 0 lossis 1. Sijhawm dhau sijhawm, lwm hom kev cia khoom xws li lub suab kaw suab, sib nqus floppy disks, hard disk, thiab lub xeev cov khoom nyuaj tau tshwm sim. Thawj lub hard drive tau tso tawm los ntawm IBM xyoo 1956. Cov cuab yeej tsim tawm rau thawj lub "SUPER" khoos phis tawm nrog 305 RAMAC hard drive. Lub nruas sib hloov zaus yog 1200 rpm, thiab lub kaw lus no hnyav li ntawm ib tuj thiab muaj 50 daim nruas nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 610 hli. Txhua daim disk sib haum rau 100 kilobytes, uas tau txiav txim siab me me los ntawm cov qauv niaj hnub.
Solid-state drives tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab, xyoo 1978 los ntawm Asmeskas lub tuam txhab StorageTek, nws tau tsim ntawm lub architecture ntawm tsis nco qab, uas, qhov tseeb, yog RAM, ntau dua li lub flash tsav. Thawj lub teeb nyem tso tawm xyoo 1995 los ntawm Israeli tuam txhab M-Systems. Txog thaum txog xyoo 2000, kev nco flash yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo hauv kev ua tiav rau cov tsav nyuaj, tab sis kev nce qib tau tas li mus tom ntej. Txij xyoo 2012, nws tau dhau los nrhiav qhov qub super-ceev SSD tsav ntawm lub lag luam uas peb tau siv.
Lub ntsiab sib txawv
HDD, tseem hu ua hard drive, yog cov khoom siv me me ntawm cov khoom me me ua los ntawm cov hlau, yas thiab cov tswj hwm nrog cov khoom sib txuas rau cov txuas. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj haujlwm zoo ib yam li kab xev. Sab hauv koj tuaj yeem pom spinning disks (yog vim li cas nws hu ua) thiab nyeem taub hau (txhua daim disk nws muaj nws lub taub hau) nrog qhov ceev ntawm 5400-10000 rpm, ntxiv rau tus tswj xws li tsis nco thiab txuas cuam tshuam. Tsuas yog 2 daim foos ua qauv nrov tau tam sim no - cov no yog 2, 5 thiab 3.5 nti, uas tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub khw muag khoom siv khoos phis tawm. Cov tswj hwm pawg tswj hwm ntawm niaj hnub HDDs muaj 2 txuas: fais fab mov thiab hloov ntaub ntawv (SATA interface). Cov khoom loj 3.5-nti hnyav yog pheej yig dua, muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau, siv hluav taws xob ntau, tuaj yeem ua suab nrov thiab coj mus rau ntau qhov chaw. Me me 2.5-nti tsav tau siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nqa xws li laptops thiab media player. Lawv muaj ntau qhov me me hauv qhov loj me, feem ntau yuav kim dua, muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, tuav cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua, tab sis siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tsawg ntawm acoustic thiab kev co tsis zoo thaum siv.
Lub SSD ua tau yooj yim me ntsis, nws tsis muaj qhov chaw txav mus los, nws tsuas yog lub rooj tsav xwm nrog lub cim xeeb thiab tus maub los nws nyob ntawm nws. Muaj ob hom kev nco - RAM thiab NAND. RAM nco yog qhov ua tau yooj yim, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv nws ntev li qhov tsim nyog lub hwj chim muab rau nws, thaum koj tua lub hluav taws xob, txhua cov ntaub ntawv yuav ploj. NAND lub cim xeeb tsis nyob ntawm hluav taws xob, thaum txiav tawm los ntawm lub zog, cov ntaub ntawv tseem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm tsis kawg, thiab nws tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm kev siv lub zog. NAND nco tau siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev yooj yim. Feem ntau, ssd drives tuaj hauv 2.5-nti daim foos, ua rau lawv hloov chaw zoo rau cov khoom siv uas twb tau tsav ntawm qhov loj me no. Tab sis txoj kev sib txuas ntawm tus qauv no muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus nqi txwv baud ntawm cov txuas. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov teeb meem no, ib qho M.2 interface tshwj xeeb tau tsim. Nws tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau ntawm cov kab ntawv motherboard lossis siv PCI Express adapter. M.2 tsav tseem me dua 2, 5, lawv ua haujlwm nrawm dua, tab sis tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no yog li 10-15 zaug kim dua HDD.
Pros thiab cons ntawm txhua hom khoom siv
SSD Lub Xeev Lub Zog Tsav
Pros:
- Tsis muaj kev txav mus rau qhov chaw, siab hloov tshuab kom dhau kev cuam tshuam sab nraud thiab tsis muaj suab nrov;
- Kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau nrawm yog ntau dua li ntawm lub hard disk, hais txog 4-10 zaug;
- Ruaj nyeem thiab sau nrawm tsis hais qhov loj thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab ke;
- Tsawg heev zog noj.
Cov minuses:
- Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm qhov cim xeeb flash tsuas yog qhov tsawg ntawm kev sau ntawv mus rov los. Rau kev khaws cia ntaus ntawv zoo, tus lej no feem ntau nce mus txog 3,000 - 10,000 zaug. Cov pheej yig dua yuav tsis txawm mus txog 1000 lub cim, yog li txhua lub sijhawm koj tuaj yeem tsis muaj peev xwm swb tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, yam tsis xav tau;
- Heev tus nqi ntawm 1GB ntu txheeb ze rau cov nyuaj nyuaj. Nyob rau lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm 120GB lub xeev kev tsav yog txog tib yam li tus nqi ntawm 1TB tsav nyuaj;
- Qhov tsis yooj yim, thiab qee zaum qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua kom rov qab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Flash tsav vim nws cov qauv nyuaj.
HDD Hard disk
Pros:
- Nqi rau 1GB ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
- Loj ntim rau hauv qhov loj me ntawm 1 ntaus ntawv. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav lub zog nyuaj txawm tias 16TB hauv hom 3, 5;
- Tus txheeb ze kev cia siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws. Qhov tseeb, lub hard disk tsis muaj qhov txwv ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov sau, nws tsuas yog tuaj yeem dhau mus ua ib feem ntawm cov tshuab kho tshuab;
- Yog tias cov cuab yeej tso tseg tsis ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd muaj qhov tshwm sim siab tsis yog yuav rov qab tau txhua cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj txhim kho lub cuab yeej rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Cov minuses:
- Tus sau ceev yog qis dua li ntawm cov khoom siv coj-lub xeev, tsis txawm txuag los ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 10,000 rpm thiab cov kab sau dav ntxiv mus txog 64MB;
- Tsis tshua zoo nyeem thiab sau kev nyob ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, 1 cov ntaub ntawv hnyav 1 GB tuaj yeem theej sai dua li ntawm 1000 cov ntaub ntawv ntawm 1 KB (qhov no yog txog 1000 zaus tsawg dua 1 GB), thaum lub sijhawm SSD yuav daws tau qhov haujlwm thib ob hauv ob peb feeb;
- Lub suab nrov thiab kev co los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ntawm server hloov chaw, qhov twg tseem ceeb yog kev tsim khoom, tsis yog neeg siv khoom xis;
- Lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntau vim yog qhov chaw txav: nyeem lub taub hau thiab lub cev muaj zog kiv.
Kev pom zoo rau cov neeg siv
Yog li, txhua qhov chaw khaws cia peb tau txiav txim siab tuaj yeem siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj: khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv HDD, thiab rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, SSD. Thaum sib sau ua ke lossis hloov kho lub khoos phis tawj ntiag tug lossis lub koos pis tawj, lub ntsiab lus kub yog kev sib txuas ntawm kev siv flash drive thiab lub hard drive. Lub operating system thiab tag nrho cov kev pabcuam tsim nyog tau nruab rau hauv lub zog-xeev tsav, txij li lawv, raws li txoj cai, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv me me hauv qhov loj me, thiab tau tawg ua qhov chaw thoob plaws, thiab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, xws li duab, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntawv, yog twb muab cia rau hauv lub hard drive. Lub kaw lus ib txwm tuaj yeem rov qab, thiab koj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug yuav ploj mus ib txhis. Rau cov khoos phis tawj uas tsis muaj lub hard drive xws li Ultrabooks, ntsiav tshuaj lossis MacBooks, nws raug nquahu kom koj rov qab koj cov ntaub ntawv mus rau cov hard drive yam tsawg ib hlis ib zaug, txhua lub HDD portable lossis lub tsev huab cia zoo li Apple lub sijhawm Capsule lossis Western's My Cloud yuav digital, nws tsis yog rau qhov tsis muaj dab tsi uas cov tswj hwm system, thaum ua thaub qab, hais - "ib daim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog xoom theej cov ntaub ntawv." Txawm hais tias qhov qub ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov nyuaj tsav, nyob rau theem no hauv kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis lawv tseem yog tus tshaj plaws uas muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
